奢华游悄然兴起　私人飞机定制旅行的市场究竟有多大？

将近一年后，周立（化名）依然对那次加勒比之行记忆犹新。

2016年10月，经身边朋友介绍，周立带着家人以及合作伙伴一行七人，踏上了一场奢华的私人飞机定制之旅。

这个小型的私人旅行团目的地是加勒比地区，在为期一周的旅行中，他们游览了多米尼加、开曼群岛、百慕大、牙买加等多个商务机不便直接到达的景区。

因为私人飞机停靠、飞行都十分自由、高效，借此机会，身为一家上市公司股东，兼做一些地产方面的投资，周立还顺便进行了商业考察，寻找有价值的投资机会。虽然整个行程耗费约250万人民币，人均30多万，但周立还是觉得很值。

承担这次旅行的是五大洲商旅（FCT），其相关负责人告诉21世纪经济报道记者，近几年来，类似周立这样的客户越来越多，私人飞机旅行不仅满足了客户的猎奇心，去到普通飞机难以到达的景点，如加勒比、南美、马尔代夫等，更为其提供了私密、舒适、奢华的服务，相比普通的头等舱旅行，性价比还是很高。

像周立这样选择私人飞机定制旅行的富豪正在越来越多。围绕这一高端奢华旅行的细分市场，旅行社、奢华酒店、航空公司、飞机制造商、高端邮轮等机构纷纷参与进来，同时也诞生了一批专业的、独立的私人飞机旅行运营商，共同为这群金字塔端的人群服务。

悄然兴起的奢华游

私人飞机定制旅行最早从欧美开始。1989 年，TCS&Starquest Expeditions的创始人施瓦茨首开私人飞机远行先河，并成立了专门的运营公司。

近十年来，随着全球富豪的不断增加，更多的机构开始加入到这一领域中来，如Abercrombie&Kent、AndBeyond、四季酒店、半岛酒店、安缦酒店等。

五大洲商旅执行总监NYX CHEN指出，目前，欧洲和美国的私人飞机定制旅行市场发展已经比较成熟了，可租借公务机的体量在7000-10000架以上（不包括个人业主）。

在中国，近十年内新兴富豪出现了爆发式增长，私人飞机旅行的需求快速提升，但这项业务直到近五年来才真正开始，目前很多大型的公务机运营公司没有涉及这个业务，国内目前做得好的公司不超过十家，市场的爆发式增长也就是近两三年。

2014年，大眼睛私人定制旅行推出一场私人飞机日本奢华游，共十余位来自各行业的精英领袖，搭乘湾流G550私人飞机享受了这段顶级、轻松的旅行。

据介绍，湾流G550是当时国内航程最远、性能最优、舱位最宽敞、舒适性最好的豪华公务机，万达董事长王健林也拥有一架售价3亿人民币的G550。

这可以视为私人定制旅行在中国市场的一次独特的服务展示，也因此让更多的人了解了这项业务。

当前市场上的私人飞机定制旅行主要有两种形式，一种是既定行程的产品，以四季酒店、安缦酒店等为代表，他们一般会和专业的私人飞机旅行运营商合作，委托其运营。

四季酒店客户经理介绍，2018年四季酒店将推出三条航线，和顶级奢华私人飞机服务商TCS&Starquest Expeditions合作，时间分别是3月、9月、10月。

NYX CHEN认为，这种私人飞机的旅行方式其实更像是高端跟团游，不会根据客户需求做出调整，灵活性不足；而私人飞机定制旅行的第二种形式则更为高端，完全根据客户的需求来进行私人定制。

21世纪经济报道记者调查获悉，目前国内大多数机构提供的私人飞机定制旅行还是以第二种形式为主。NYX CHEN表示：“根据客户的目的地、人数、时间等需求，我们会为其制定飞行计划、旅行计划、落地服务等。”

比如五大洲商旅在了解客户需求后，首先需要做的就是寻找合适的机型然后报价，如果在客户预算范围正负20%以内，才会进行更细致的旅行安排。

价格方面，按照天数和目的地不同，私人飞机旅行的价格一般从人均30万－100万不等，但因个性化定制差异非常大，并没有统一的标准。以四季酒店推出的9月14日开始的24天环球旅行为例，费用为135000美元/人（双人收费标准），如果单人需要补单人房差12000美元。

NYX CHEN 透露，私人飞机定制旅行越来越受欢迎，8月份五大洲商旅成功定制了4单私人飞机定制旅行业务。

私人飞机定制旅行这个市场有多大？据《中国私人银行行业发展报告》数据显示，截至2016年，中国千万级高净值人群达到134万，比去年增加13万人；亿万高净值人群8.9万，比去年增加1.1万；高净值家庭数（家庭可投资金融资产超过600万元人民币）达到210万个。

另据《要客境外生活方式报告》分析，相较于购买公务机，富豪们直接包租机更容易实现，2016年资产过亿的中国富豪潜在包机人数达9000人，潜在包机需求总量近20.5万小时。而在中国，还很少有公司能够满足这个需求。

“万中无一”的旅客

众信旅游旗下奇迹旅行副总经理马文婷表示，公司从2012年开展私人飞机定制旅行业务，但从不主动推广，基本上都是客户主动提出相关需求，大概每年会有一单成行。

“不主动推广”，正应了这个细分旅行市场消费者的低调。据21世纪经济报道记者了解，国内已有更多机构开始提供私人飞机定制旅行服务，但大多较为低调，鲜有宣传。

实际上，“真正有这个能力去包机的客户，并不像富豪数字所显示的那么多，一般来说这个客户群体非常稳定，只不过他们频率会比较高。”NYX CHEN说。

根据业内人士的估算，这类人群不超过中国总人口的万分之一。

在私人飞机旅行业务兴起的同时，越来越多的中国富豪已经拥有自己的私人飞机。据《2017胡润公务机机主报告》数据，截至去年年末，大中华区公务机的机队数量为466架，其中164架公务机为114位华人企业家所拥有，比去年增加35架。

胡润财富榜大中华区Top 10企业家共拥有6架公务机，其中5架都是湾流G550，为王健林、马云、李嘉诚、李兆基、郑家纯的共同选择，马化腾则选择庞巴迪环球6000。

购入私人飞机的潮流也早就传到了演艺圈，赵本山、成龙、范冰冰、林青霞等一众影星也都购入了自己的私人飞机。

但是，知情人士介绍，像王健林、许家印、马云这些商业精英，他们的私人飞机一般用于商务，比如王健林去海外谈业务、许家印去北京开两会等，都会坐自己的公务机，偶尔会用来邀请、招待客人聚会。

“有些自己有私人飞机的富豪也需要我们服务，因为他自己虽然有飞机，可是他也不知道该怎么飞一些行程，哪些航线比较好，包括所有的落地服务、地面服务、FBO。”NYX CHEN 和云顶邮轮总裁朱福明均表示。

“我接触的第一批客人就是自己有私人飞机的客人，中国的客人比较特殊，他们都希望在商务的同时顺便旅行。”NYX CHEN说。

大眼睛旅行认为，无论是购买还是租赁，私人飞机在中国市场的需求强劲，富有人群的快速增长，旅游、商务的交通标准不断提升，在亚洲范围内使用私人飞机的数量每年保持了稳定的增长比例。

多家提供私人飞机定制旅行服务的机构认为，私人飞机不只是身份、地位的象征，其在灵活性、舒适性以及隐私性上的优势，成为越来越多的富豪们选择出行的重要原因。

私密性和灵活性是私人飞机的两大特点。以中国为例，所有的公务机都是有单独的公务机楼的，如首都公务机楼、上海虹桥公务机楼，跟普通航站楼是分开的。但旅行定了之后，服务商会把客人的车牌号报过去，车可以直接进入到公务机楼；而且有专门的海关做安检，不需要走跟商业航空一样的通道，或者碰到乘坐商业航空的人；而且公务机的时刻都是排好的，所以不会出现排队或者拥堵的现象。

对富人们来说，更自由、高效的出行方式，莫过于私人飞机。客户可以根据自己的时间安排确定飞行时间，“早上还在公司开会，下午就来到美丽的私人岛屿度假”这样随性的行程不难安排。

私人飞机定制旅行的舒适性更是不在话下。以Crystal Cruises为例，公司将购置的一架波音飞机改造成私人旅行飞机。正常来说，波音777s设有350个座位，改装后仅保留86个躺椅，并配有独立的餐厅、酒窖以及优秀的大厨。

另外，私人飞机定制旅行，除了观光旅行外，往往还具备更深层的含义。据了解，不少富豪在旅行的同时，还会借此机会进行商务活动。

私人飞机服务不赚钱？

相对于成熟的欧美市场，中国在私人飞机定制旅行业务上的发展还不是很成熟。

首先，中国公务机的体量限制了其发展。NYX CHEN指出，在中国能租借的公务机不到200架，很难满足需求。

“公务机体量小，且以商务用途优先，能满足旅行用途的飞机就更少了，我们会用到国外的飞机，才能满足需求。”NYX CHEN说。

其次，中国的航空管制较为严格。在美国申请航线非常方便，可能前一天或者当天去申请，下午就能飞行了，整个系统非常成熟；还有就是飞行员的缺口。业内人士指出，中国每年专业飞行员的缺失达到2万名，可以说是严重供需不平衡。

最为核心的则是运营问题。私人飞机旅行的产业链主要包括，旅行服务商、私人飞机运营商，以及FBO（固定基地运营者）。

在具体的承运中，目前中国的私人飞机旅行服务商如旅行社等，自己并没有私人飞机，这项业务的开展一般需与第三方合作，要么是公务机运营商比如海航旗下的金鹿、逸华航空，要么是飞机制造商，要么是有飞机业主资源的公司；云顶邮轮旗下的水晶天际1号，则是自购飞机运营。

通常，私人飞机旅行服务商会将包机费和其它服务费分开报价。以五大洲商旅为例，在包机这一块，大概是3%左右的佣金，然后其它的旅行制定有15%的利润。

从盈利的角度来看，由于私人飞机的特殊属性，不管是平时闲置、短途出行还是长途旅行，都需要专业的飞机托管公司服务，会产生较大的成本；在停靠方面，FBO由公务机专用候机楼、机库和停机坪三部分组成，能够把公务机的空中服务和地面服务结合，也有利于飞机的运营和维护，但费用不菲。

NYX CHEN坦言，目前中国的私人飞机旅行服务基本上是不赚钱的，之所以还是有那么多机构来做是因为看好这个市场，以及之后的客户资源。就目前而言不亏损就算好了。

据四季酒店提供数据，在中国推出私人飞机旅行服务至今共有5条航线，但因收客率不足80%的要求，真正成行的航线只有四条。

NYX CHEN指出，要想做好私人飞机定制旅行业务还得需要专业的机构，既包括专业的飞机运营商，也包括专业的旅行服务商，培养专业人才也是需要一定时间的。

他说，不少人在参与这些私人飞机定制旅行后，都给出了很正面的评价。虽然私人飞机定制旅行市场目前的规模很小，但预计将有潜力成为一个巨大的市场。

Nearly a year later, Zhou Li (a pseudonym) still remembers that trip to the caribbean.

In October 2016, introduced by friends, Zhou Li, along with her family and seven partners, embarked on a luxury private jet customization trip.

This small private tour destination is the Caribbean, on a week-long trip, they visited Dominica, the Cayman Islands, Bermuda, Jamaica and many other business inconvenience directly to the scenic spots.

Because private aircraft parked, flight are very free, efficient, take the opportunity, as a shareholder of a listed company, and do some aspects of the real estate investment, but also the way of Zhou Li commercial investigation, looking for valuable investment opportunities. Although the entire trip costs about 2 million 500 thousand yuan, about 300000 per capita, but Zhou Li still feel very value.

Take this trip is five continents travel (FCT), the official told reporters in twenty-first Century economic report, in recent years, like Zhou Li this more and more customers, private jet travel not only to meet the customers' curiosity, to the ordinary plane hard to reach spots, such as the Caribbean, South America, Maldives. The more it provides privacy and comfort, luxury service, compared with the ordinary first-class cabin travel, the price is very high.

Like Zhou, the choice of private aircraft, customized travel is more and more rich. The high-end luxury travel market, travel agency, El Luxor Hotel, airlines, aircraft manufacturers, high-end cruise and other institutions have been involved, but also the birth of a number of professional and independent private jet travel operators, together for this group of Pyramid people end service.

Luxury Tour

Private jet customized travel from Europe and the United States at the earliest. In 1989, TCS&, founder of Starquest Expeditions, pioneered Schwartz's private flight and set up a special operating company.

Over the past ten years, as more and more wealthy people have come into the world, more organizations have begun to come into this field, such as Abercrombie&, Kent, AndBeyond, Four Seasons Hotels, The Peninsula Hotel and Ping An hotel.

The five continents business executive director NYX CHEN pointed out that, at present, private aircraft customized travel market development in Europe and the United States have been relatively mature, they can rent a jet volume in the 7000-10000 above (excluding individual owners).

In Chinese, nearly ten years in emerging rich in the explosive growth of private jet travel demand rapid increase, but this business until nearly five years began, many large aircraft operating companies are not involved in this business, currently doing well, no more than ten, the explosive growth of the market is nearly two or three years.

In 2014, the big eyes private customized travel, launched a private aircraft, Japan luxury tour, a total of more than ten elite leaders from all sectors of the industry, take the Gulfstream G550 private aircraft to enjoy this section of the top, easy travel.

According to reports, the Gulf Stream G550 was the longest domestic flight, the best performance, the most spacious seats, comfort of the best luxury business machines, Wanda chairman Wang Jianlin also has a price of 300 million yuan G550.

This can be seen as a unique private custom travel in the Chinese market, a unique service show, and therefore more people understand the business.

On the current market, private aircraft customized travel mainly has two forms, one is established travel products, to Four Seasons Hotels, Amanresorts and so on, they will generally and professional private jet travel operators, commissioned its operations.

Four Seasons Hotels customer manager introduced, in 2018, Four Seasons Hotels will launch three routes, and the top luxury private aircraft service provider TCS& Starquest Expeditions cooperation, the time is March, September, October.

NYX CHEN believes that the private plane travel is actually more like a high-end tour with the group, will not make adjustments according to customer demand, lack of flexibility; and second types of private aircraft customized travel is more high-end, completely private customized according to customer demand.

Twenty-first Century economic survey reporter was informed that, at present, most domestic institutions provide private aircraft customized travel in second forms mainly. NYX CHEN expresses: “ according to the client's destination, number, time and other needs, we will develop flight plans, travel plans, landing services for them. ”

For example, five continents business travel in understanding customer needs, the first need to do is to find the right models, and then offer, if the customer budget range of plus or minus 20%, will be more careful travel arrangements.

The price, in accordance with the number of days and different destinations, private jet travel prices generally from 300 thousand per 100 million dollars, but because the customization of the difference is very large, and there is no uniform standard. For example, the 24 day global travel, launched in September 14th, costs $135000 per person (double rate) and $12000 for single rooms.

NYX CHEN revealed that private aircraft customized travel more and more popular, in August, five continents business travel successfully customized 4 single private aircraft customized travel business.

How big is the market for customized travel by private aircraft? According to the "China private banking industry development report" data show that as of 2016, Chinese million high net worth population reached 1 million 340 thousand, an increase of 130 thousand over last year; 89 thousand of high net worth individuals, an increase of 11 thousand over the last year; the number of high net worth families (family investment in financial assets of more than 6 million yuan) reached 2 million 100 thousand.

According to the analysis report "to" overseas life style, compared to the purchase of the jets, rich and direct charter machine more easily, the number of billionaires in 2016 Chinese potential charter billions of dollars of assets of up to 9000 people, nearly 205 thousand of the total hours of charter flights demand potential. In China, few companies have been able to meet this demand.

“ a visitor without &rdquo

UTour's miracle tour manager Ma Wenting said, the company to carry out private aircraft customized travel business in 2012, but never take the initiative to promote, basically are offered to customers needs, every year there will be a single trip.

“ do not take the initiative to promote ” is in line with this subdivision of travel market consumer low-key. According to the twenty-first Century Business Herald reporter learned that more domestic institutions have begun to provide private aircraft customized travel services, but mostly low-key, very little publicity.

As a matter of fact, &ldquo, the client who really has the ability to charter customers is not as rich as the Regal figures show. Generally speaking, this customer base is very stable, but they are relatively high in frequency. ” NYX CHEN says.

According to industry estimates, such people do not exceed 1\/10000 of China's total population.

While private jet travel is on the rise, more and more Chinese tycoons already own their own private aircraft. As of the end of last year, the number of fleet of business aircraft in Greater China was 466, of which 164 official aircraft were owned by 114 Chinese entrepreneurs, an increase of 35 over last year, according to the official report of the 2017 Hurun official aircraft.

The Hurun list of Top 10 entrepreneurs have a total of 6 aircraft, including 5 aircraft are Gulfstream G550, Wang Jianlin, Ma Yun, as the common choice of Li Jiacheng, Li Zhaoji, Zheng Jiachun, Ma Huateng chose the bombardier global 6000.

The trend of buying private aircraft has spread to the performing arts, and Zhao Benshan, Jackie Chan, Fan Bingbing, Brigitte Lin and other movie stars have bought their own private aircraft.

However, informed sources, such as Wang Jianlin, Xu Jiayin, Ma Yun these business elite, their private jets are generally used for business, such as Wang Jianlin and Xu Jiayin to discuss business overseas to Beijing to open NPC and CPPCC, will be a private jet, occasionally used to entertain guests, invited parties.

“ some of their own private aircraft tycoons also need our services, although because of his own plane, but he did not know how to fly some distance, which routes better, including all ground services, ground services, FBO. ” NYX, CHEN and Genting cruises President Zhu Fuming said.

&ldquo: the first guests I contacted were guests of their own, and the Chinese guests were very special. They all wanted to travel by business at the same time. ” NYX CHEN says.

Big eyes that travel, whether to buy or lease, the strong demand in the Chinese private aircraft market, the rapid growth of wealthy people, tourism, commerce traffic standards rising, the number of the use of private aircraft in Asia within the scope of each year to maintain a steady growth rate.

That number of private aircraft provide customized travel services, private aircraft is not only the symbol of status, its flexibility, comfort and privacy advantages become more and more important reason for the billionaires choose to travel.

Privacy and flexibility are two features of a private aircraft. In China, for example, all of the business aircraft are separate business machines, such as the capital office building, Shanghai Hongqiao business aircraft building, and the ordinary terminal is separated. But after the travel service to the guests of the chamber of Commerce, the license plate number reported in the past, the car can go directly to the official machine building; and special customs to do security, do not need to go with the same commercial air channel, or when people take commercial aviation; and the jet moments are arranged, so no a queue or congestion phenomenon.

For richer people, the more free and efficient way to travel than the private jet. Customers can according to their timing arrangements for flight time, “ morning is still in the company meeting; in the afternoon to the beautiful private island vacation ” this kind of itinerary is not difficult to arrange.

Private aircraft customized travel comfort is be nothing difficult. Take Crystal Cruises as an example, the company will buy a Boeing aircraft converted into private travel aircraft. Normally, the Boeing 777s has 350 seats, and only 86 recliner chairs are converted, with independent restaurants, wine cellars and excellent chefs.

In addition, private aircraft customized travel, in addition to sightseeing tours, often also have deeper meaning. It is understood that many rich people at the same time travel, but also take this opportunity to carry out business activities.

Private aircraft services do not make money?

Compared with the mature European and American markets, China's private aircraft customized travel business is not very mature.

First of all, the size of the Chinese business aircraft has limited its development. NYX CHEN points out that there are fewer than 200 business jets in China, and it is hard to meet the demand.

“ a small number of official business, and business purposes first, can meet the travel purpose of the aircraft is less, we will use foreign aircraft to meet the demand. ” NYX CHEN says.

Second, China's aviation control is more stringent. In the United States, it is very convenient to apply for a route. You may apply for the flight one day or the other day. You can fly in the afternoon. The whole system is very mature. There is also a gap between pilots. Insiders pointed out that China's annual lack of professional pilots reached 20 thousand, it can be said that a serious imbalance between supply and demand.

The central issue is the operation. The industry chain of private jet travel mainly includes travel service providers, private aircraft operators, and FBO (fixed base operators).

In the specific carrier, the China private jet travel service providers such as travel agencies, and not his private plane, this business is generally required in cooperation with third parties, or jet operators such as HNA deer, Yi Hua aviation, either the aircraft manufacturer, either aircraft owners of resources of the company; Genting Cruise's crystal sky is 1, since the purchase of aircraft operations.

In general, the Private Airlines Travel Service offers separate rates for charter flights and other service charges. Take the five continents business trip, for example, for charter flights, about 3% Commission, and then other travel make a 15% profit.

From the profit point of view, because of the special attributes of private aircraft, whether it is usually idle, short trips or long-distance travel, need professional aircraft managed services, will have a greater cost; in the dock, FBO from the terminal building, hangar and special jet airfield is composed of three parts, to the official machine the air service and ground services combined, but also conducive to the operation and maintenance of aircraft, but the cost of money.

NYX CHEN admits that at present, China's private aircraft travel service is basically not profitable, there are still so many institutions to do because of optimistic about this market, as well as customer resources after. For the moment, it's better not to lose money.

According to data provided by the Four Seasons Hotels, the introduction of private aircraft travel service in China so far, there are 5 routes, but because of the rate of less than 80% of the demand, the only four routes in line.

NYX CHEN points out, want to do a private jet travel business also needs to have the custom of professional institutions, including professional aircraft operators, including professional travel services, professional training is needed for a certain length of time.

He said many people have made a very positive assessment after participating in the customized travel of these private aircraft. Although private aircraft customized travel market is currently very small, but it is expected to have the potential to become a huge market.